Tips for Genealogy

Hello world!

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It is very very easy! I was stunned to find out...

I use NASM to assemble my bootable applications. In your case, you can copy the code below:

;File: boot.asm
;--------------------------------
[BITS 16]
[ORG 0x7C00]
;clear all flags
xor ax,ax
push ax
popf
sti;set only the Interrupt Flag=1

mov ax,cs
mov ds,ax ;do you know
jmp main;start the main routine

;So far, this was some CPU initialization
;Now here's a useful routine to print your "Hello World!"
;or any text you want

;--------------------------
;PROCEDURE TextOut
;
;mov si, msg
;call TextOut
;----------------
TextOut:
lodsb ; load next character
or al, al ; test for NUL character
jz TextOutEnd
mov ah, 0x0E ; BIOS teletype
mov bh, 0x00 ; display page 0
mov bl, 0x07 ; text attribute
int 0x10 ; invoke BIOS
jmp TextOut
TextOutEnd:
ret

;It is not necessarily to understand the code above
;-----------------------------------------
;Here you declare data
;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
msg db "Hello, World!",10,13,0

;----------------------------------------------------------------------------
main:
;------Your code starts here---------------

mov si, msg
call TextOut

hang:jmp hang ;Application will now freeze

;The lines below will make the current application a valid boot sector
;********** ROUND UP TO 512 size ******
TIMES 510-($-$$) DB 0
DW 0xAA55
;**************************************

Compile the line above executing at the command line:
nasm.exe boot.asm -f bin boot.bin

Now, you have two options:

1. Mount the boot sector onto a diskette.

Type at the command line:
%SystemRoot%system32format a: /q /fs:fat /x

Then type at the command line:
%SystemRoot%system32debug boot.bin

And type the following commands:
W 100 0 0 1
Q

Now you should have a brand-new bootable diskette.

2. Create a disk image.

If you use BOCHS to simulate your application, boot.bin is already a valid image, so you only need to configure bochs to treat it as a floppy drive:
-open bochs
-select "Disk & Boot" in "Edit Options"
-click "Edit"
-go to "First Floppy Drive" section
-select 3.5" 1.44 M (Type of floppy drive)
-locate boot.bin using Browse...
-select 3.5" 1.44 M (Type of floppy media)

I suggest you to save the configuration in a .bxrc file, so that double-clicking it will load boot.bin and simulate it in a second, without having to configure bochs again.

If you use Microsoft Virtual PC to simulate your program, you have to create a new file, with the size of a floppy, where the first 512 bytes are copied from boot.bin.

You will need a file called empty.bin, which has exactly 1.474.048 bytes.

Execute the following command:
copy /b boot.bin + empty.bin floppy.img

Floppy.img will be considered a valid floppy image in Virtual PC.

-------------------

Now, keep in mind that boot.bin can have a maximum of 512 bytes. The last two bytes will tell the BIOS that this is a valid boot sector, so the remaining 510 bytes are available for your code. Usually, the boot sector is used only to LOAD your application FROM DISK, and start execution, but typically, this is used in operating systems.

You can keep playing with ASM in the boot sequence, as long as your code fits the 510 bytes.

Hello World - Belle Perez

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